IRR researcher receives funding to stop early form of breast cancer becoming invasive

Dr Kitamura, in the Centre for Reproductive Health, has been awarded £267,585 to investigate a type of immune cell called a macrophage and how it might help an early and non-invasive form of breast cancer known as ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) to progress. 

Around 7,000 people in the UK are diagnosed with DCIS every year. It begins in the lining of the milk ducts of the breast, but at this stage, the cancer cells haven’t developed the ability to grow into the surrounding breast tissue. Because it remains contained at this stage, DCIS generally has a very good prognosis. 

The treatment usually involves surgery to remove the affected area of the breast. The surgery may be followed by radiotherapy and in some cases hormone therapy. But even with treatment, a small number of DCIS cases can still progress to become invasive breast cancer. Invasive cancer has the potential to also spread to other parts of the body, where it becomes incurable.

However, many cases may never progress and people with low-risk DCIS may not need extensive and intensive treatments they currently receive that can reduce their quality of life. But there is no reliable way to tell apart low-risk DCIS cases that will never progress and high-risk DCIS cases that may develop into invasive breast cancer. This makes it difficult to select the most suitable treatment.

Dr Takanori Kitamura and his team recently found that a type of immune cell, called a macrophage, could be involved in DCIS progression. They found that macrophages making a protein called SIGLEC1 were present within DCIS that later became invasive.